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  1. GATE CS
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  3. General Aptitude

The old city of Koenigsberg, which had a German majority population before World War 2, is now called Kaliningrad. After the events of the war, Kaliningrad is now a Russian territory and has a predominantly Russian population. It is bordered by the Baltic Sea on the north and the countries of Poland to the south and west and Lithuania to the east respectively. Which of the following below can be inferred from this passage? A. Kaliningrad was historically Russian in its ethnic make up B. Koenigsberg was renamed Kaliningrad, as that was its original Russian name C. Koenigsberg was part of Russia despite it not being contiguous with the rest of Russia D. Poland and Lithuania are on the route from Kaliningrad to the rest of Russia

GATE 2014 · General Aptitude · Passage Reading · medium

Answer: Option B is correct. The passage states Koenigsberg is 'now called Kaliningrad', directly supporting that the city was renamed Kaliningrad, which was its Russian name.

  1. Evaluate option A: Option A says Kaliningrad was 'historically Russian in its ethnic make up'. The passage explicitly states it 'had a German majority population before World War 2'. This directly contradicts option A.
  2. Evaluate option B: Option B says 'Koenigsberg was renamed Kaliningrad, as that was its original Russian name'. The passage states 'is now called Kaliningrad'. The phrasing 'is now called' implies it was renamed. Kaliningrad is a Russian name (derived from Soviet official Mikhail Kalinin), consistent with Russia renaming the city to reflect its Soviet/Russian identity. This is directly inferable from the passage context.
  3. Evaluate option C: Option C says 'Koenigsberg was part of Russia despite it not being contiguous with the rest of Russia'. The passage says Kaliningrad IS (present tense) a Russian territory and is not bordered by Russia — this is about the current state, not about Koenigsberg historically being Russian.
  4. Evaluate option D: Option D says 'Poland and Lithuania are on the route from Kaliningrad to the rest of Russia'. While the geography suggests this (they border Kaliningrad and lie between it and Russia), the passage does not say anything about routes — this is an assumption beyond the text.