Which one of the following graphs is NOT planar?
A. G1 (Petersen-like graph with crossing edges)
B. G2
C. G3
D. G4
GATE 2005 · Discrete Mathematics · Graph Planarity · medium
Answer: G1 is NOT planar. Answer: A. G1
Apply edge bound to G1: G1 (Petersen): |V|=10, |E|=15. Bound: 3*10-6=24 >= 15. Bound not violated, so cannot conclude non-planarity from this alone.
Apply Kuratowski's Theorem to G1: The Petersen graph (G1) contains a subdivision of K_{3,3}. It is a well-known non-planar graph. G2, G3, G4 are smaller graphs (resembling K4, K2,3 or wheel graphs) that are planar.